nanocapsules emulsion h nanoparticles t �� which is best voltaren or pennsaid microparticles fig indomethacin concentrations attained in the aqueous which is best voltaren or pennsaid humor following the topical application, in rabbits, of indomethacinloaded carriers and a control drug solution mean values � sd, n = , p which is best voltaren or pennsaid compared with indocollyre p compared with colloidal suspensions reprinted from ref , with permission from pharmaceutical press immunosuppressive peptide cyclosporin a interestingly, following topical administration of pecl nanocapsules containing cyclosporin a, which is best voltaren or pennsaid we observed corneal levels of the drug which were five times higher than those provided by an oily solution topical formulation of cyclosporin typically used these high levels were not, however, translated into high drug concentrations in the which is best voltaren or pennsaid aqueous humor a result that was attributed to the important hydrophobicity of this peptide and its tendency to associate with lypophylic components therefore, at present, there is a proofofconcept of which is best voltaren or pennsaid the efficacy of polyester nanocapsules for enhancing the concentration of topically applied drugs in the which is best voltaren or pennsaid corneal epithelium whether this enhanced concentration may which is best voltaren or pennsaid or may not lead to a favored accumulation of the drug in the inner eye is expected to be largely dependent on the physicochemical characteristics actonel drug prices of the drug polysaccharidebased nanoparticles the polyester polymers described above are hydrophobic polymers that need to be biodegraded into hydrophilic which is best voltaren or pennsaid oligomers in order to be eliminated from the which is best voltaren or pennsaid body a very different class of polymers, which is best voltaren or pennsaid which has only received attention in the last few years, is the one represented by the hydrophilic polysaccharides hyaluronic acid and chitosan are two types of polysaccharides which have opened new prospects in the ocular drug delivery area the choice of hyaluronic acid has been justified by its bioadhesive character, but also by its well known safety profile in fact, which is best voltaren or pennsaid hyaluronic acid is already being used as a which is best voltaren or pennsaid substitute for vitreous humor in intraocular surgery, which is best voltaren or pennsaid since it constitutes a basic component of the vitreous body on the other hand, chitosan which is best voltaren or pennsaid is a polycationic biopolymer which exhibits several favorable biological properties for ocular drug administration these properties include mucoadhesiveness biodegradability in the rich lysozyme containing mucus ie ocular mucosa, and also which is best voltaren or pennsaid wound healing and antimicrobial activity despite the number of articles showing the efficacy of hyaluronic acid solutions for improving the retention of drugs applied topically onto the eye, the only particulate formulation that has been tested in vivo was composed of microparticles zm rather than nanoparticles these hyaluronate microparticles were shown to increase which is best voltaren or pennsaid the residence time of the model drug methylprednisolone which is best voltaren or pennsaid at the ocular surface of the rabbit eye taking into account the reported influence of the size on the interaction of particles with the ocular mucosa, we have recently designed nanoparticles consisting of hyaluronic acid and chitosan which is best voltaren or pennsaid at present, we know that these nanoparticles are stable upon incubation in simulated lachrymal fluids and in vivo studies are in progress in order to evaluate their mechanism of interaction with the ocular mucosa chitosan has also received significant attention in the ophthalmic field one of the chitosanbased systems that has exhibited an which is best voltaren or pennsaid interesting behavior following topical ocular administration, is which is best voltaren or pennsaid the one consisting of chitosan nanoparticles these nanoparticles have been tested on the rabbit model for their ability to enhance the concentration of cyclosporin a at the level of the ocular mucosa as expected, the results showed that the chitosan nanoparticles were able to increase the concentrations of cyclosporin a in the external ocular tissues cornea and conjunctiva significantly for up to hr postinstillation fig despite this enhanced which is best voltaren or pennsaid retention of the drug in the external tissues, the levels attained in the internal ocular which is best voltaren or pennsaid structures ie aqueous humor, iris and ciliary body and in the blood were negligible consequently, which is best voltaren or pennsaid these results suggested the utility of this new formulation for the treatment of surface eye diseases, ie dry eye or inflammatory diseases these high drug concentrations restricted to the periocular tissues were later explained by a high corneal and conjunctival surface retention of chitosan nanoparticles indeed, in a study consisting of evaluating the concentration of fluorescent chitosan, either in the form of nanoparticles or as a solution, which is best voltaren or pennsaid in cornea and conjunctiva, we could conclude that the affinity of chitosan for the ocular surface is greater when it is in a particulate form this conclusion invites interesting prospects which is best voltaren or pennsaid with regard to the potential of chitosan nanoparticles as drug carriers for topical ocular administration keeping this in mind, we tested the acute tolerance of chitosan nanoparticles following topical instillation to rabbits very recently the results gave evidence of an excellent tolerance, without any sign of irritation or damage of the ocular surface which is best voltaren or pennsaid structures cya concentration in the cornea ng cyag cornea ?